Calandria for evaporatcrs of sugar mills



June 1 1926.

. P. LEONARD CALANDRIA FOR EVAPORATORS O F SUGAR MILLS Filed March 17, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 W m M! V mr W M F Q am..

A TTORNE Y Patented. June 1, 1926.

UNITE ALBERT P. LEONARD, 0F NEVT YORK, N. Y.

CAL ANQDR IA FOR EVAPORATUBS SF SUGAR MILLS.

Application filed March 17, 1924. .Serial No. 639,792.

Among the principal objects which the present invention has in view are: to obtain a high velocity of the heating medium when passing over the surface of the heating tubes; to maintain the speed of the heating medium in passing through the calandria; to remove the waters of condensation with the least possible interference with the flow of the heating medium; and to facilitate the removal of the non-condensible gases.

lVith the above objects in view, the invention consists principally in providing steam passages within the cal-andria extending from a steaminlet to an outlet, said passage being constructed to diminish gradually from the inlet to the outlet, avoiding pockets or eddy-producing obstructions in the path of the heating medium or steam;

and more particularly in arranging the heating tubes of the calandria in such manner as to obtain the maximum area for the introduction of the steam therebetween at the receiving end of the passage or passages referred to.

Drawings.

Figure 1 is a vertical section through an evaporator w1th a calandria positloned therein;

Figure 2, ahorizontal section therethrough above the calandria;

.Figure 3, a similar section of a modified form;and

Figure l, a similar section of a further modified form.

The preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, in which. an evaporator tank 1 is equipped with a calandria 2 provided with the usual centralidovvntake'passage 3, top plate 4, and bottom plate 5 between which extend the usual circulation pipes 6. Steam inlets 7 are provided at opposed. points in thecalandria. Steam is the preferred. heating medium. The non-condensible gases are expelled through outlet pipes 8 leading to the outside by means ofconduits 9.

The present invention resides in the particular disposition of the steam inlets and baliles within the calandria whereby steam will be evenlydistributed throughout the entire portion of the'calandria and have a; uniform temperature from its point of entryto its outlet. In accordance with this purpose, I provide baffle, plates 29 ad acent each inlet 7 and extending upon a slight angle from each inlet to the downtake a, as best illusthe entire space within the calandria with the exception that adjacent each baffle plate 29, the pipes 6 are spaced therefrom to provide a steam passage 11 extending from the steam inlets across the calandria to the walls of the downtake 3. By this construction, it will be seen that when steam is admitted through the intakes 7 it will before entering between the circulation tubes have an unrestricted travel through the passages 11 across the entire calandria, before it begins its passage through the respective chambers therein. This construction provides for a uniform distribution of the steam directly adjacent the inlet.

Each outlet pipe 8 is disposed at the end of its respective chamber farthest removed from the inlet and is disposed in the apex formed by the junction of the outer wall of the calandria with the baffle plate 9. By reason of the location and disposition of the baflie plates, each chamber of the calandria will have its widest area directly adjacent to steam inlets, from which point the cross sectional area of each chamber decreases continuously toward the delivery end and outlet pipe 8. This construction insures a uniform distribution of steam throughout every point of the calandria and by reason of the continuous reduction of the cross sectional area of the chamber maintains a uniform pressure and density of the steam.

1th calandrlas hitherto in use, in this particular art, it has been found that the ilO is permitted before entering the chambers, to extend entirely across the calandria and enter between the circulation tubes with a uniform pressure from all points, which pressures will continue throughout the passage of the steam to the outlet conduits 8 and 9.

In Figures 3 and at I have illustrated modilied forms which the invention may take, in which the details of construction are practically the same as those of the preferred form, with the exception that in the modification shown in Figure 3 the battle 9 is arcuately arranged, and only one steam inlet is employed, as at 7. In this form the chamber within the calandria is uninterrupted and continues from its inlet to the outlet pipe 8 located in the apex between the outer wall of the calandriaand asupplen'ientary battle 12, arcuately arranged and disposed from one side of the inlet 7 and the wall of the down take 3 forming substantially a triangular chamber 16 within the calandria. The chamber 16 is provided at its apex with an outlet pipe 17 and the entry of steam thereto is permitted through an inlet passage 20 located in the batlle 12 directly adjacent its connection with the wall of the downtake 3. In this form of the invention the circulation tubes 6 are crowded adjacentthe intake 7 in arcuate formation to provide a clearance space within the calandria adjacent the inlet so as to permit full volume of steam to enter the calandria in an even distribution.

In the modification shown in Figure 4, the downtake pipe 3 is eccentrically disposed within the calandria, and only one steam inlet 7" is provided. A baflle 9 is arranged across the interior of the calandria in the same manner as that illustrated in the preferred form and the circulation pipes are similarly disposed to provide the passageway 11. The extreme end of the chamber is provided with an inlet pipe 8 in the apex formed by the outer wall of the calandria and the battle 9. This construction provides for a relatively wide cross sectional area of the chamber directly adjacent the steam inlet, constantly decreasing towards the outlet end, and providing for an even distribution of steam throughout its passage with a constant temperature and density.

lVhile in the form illustrated, I have described certain details entering into the construction, arrangement and operation of the invention, I desire it to be understood that I do not intend these as limitations, but that any changes and modifications may be made therein that will fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

I claim 1. A calandria having a closed heating chamber therein, a downtake extending through said chamber, a steam inlet in the outer wall of said chamber. a ballle extending across said chamber atan angle from said inlet, an outlet for said chamber, a plurality of circulation pipes in said chamber between said inlet and outlet. and a passageway along said battle and entirely across sc id chamber formed by disposition of the circulation pipes in spaced relation from said batlle adjacent the inlet.

2. A calandria having a closed heating chamber, a down-take passing theretln-migh, a steam inlet in the outer wall of said chamber, a batl'le extending on an angle across said chamber from one side of said inlet to the wall of said downtalte, an outlet for said through, a stem inlet in the outer wall ot said chamber, outlets in said chamber, a plurality of circulation pipes through said chamber between said inlet and outlets, and a bafiie in said chamber extending from said inlet to the walls of said downtake and between said outlets for forming a plurality of steam passages through said chamber.

4. A calandria having an inner and outer side wall and tube plates disposed in spaced relation, a plurality of heating tubes connecting said tube plates and opening therethrough, said tubes being arranged to provide substantially open passageways each extending from the outer side wall to the inner side wall, said passageways being in open communication with heating medium inlets; a baffle plate forming one side of said passageways for diverting the heating medium into heat transferring passages; and means disposed adjacent the outer side wall of the calandria and at the end of the heating passage furthest removed from the heating medium inlet supplying said passage, for conducting non-condcnsible gases from said passage.

5. A calandria having an inner and an outer side wall and tube plates disposed in spaced relation, a plurality of heating tubes connecting said tube plates and opening therethrough, said tubes being arranged to provide substantially open passageways each extending from the outer side wall to the inner side wall, said passageways being in open communication with heating medium inlets; a plurality of battle plates each forming one side of said passageways for diverting the heating medium into vapor conducting passages; and a plurality of means each disposed adjacent the outer side wall of the calandria and at the end of each heating passage furthest removed from the heating tending to the wall of said downtake, an

outlet for said chamber, a plurality of circulation pipes in said chamber between said inlet and said outlet, said pipes being arranged to provide an unobstructed passageway along said battle from said inlet to the wall of said downtake.

7 A. calandria having a closed heating chamber therein, a downtake extending through said chamber, a steam inlet in the wall of said chamber, a battle in said chamher at one side of said inlet and extending to ber forming a steam passage leading from said inlet, an outlet for said passage at the end thereof, and a plurality of circulation pipes in said chamber between said inlet and outlet, said pipes being arranged to provide an unobstructed passageway from said inlet entirely across said passage.

9. A calandria having a closed heating chamber therein, a downtake extending through said chamber, a steam inlet in the wall of said chamber, a baflie in said cham her at one side of said inlet, extending to the wall of Sam downtake and forming a steam passage leading from said inlet, an outlet for said passage at the end thereof opposite said inlet, and a plurality of circulation pipes in said chamber between said inlet and outlet, said pipes being arranged to provide an unobstructed passageway from said inlet.

10. A calandria having a closed heating chamber therein, a downtake extending through said chamber, a steam inlet in the wall of said chamber, a baffle in said chamber forming a steam passage leading from said inlet, an outlet for said passage at the end thereof opposite said inlet, and a plurality of circulation pipes in said chamber between said inlet and outlet, said pipes being arranged to provide an unobstructed passageway from said inlet along said baiile.

ALBERT P. LEONARD. 

